யாதவர் சமுதாயம்
கோவில்பத்து ,களக்காடு
ஆகஸ்ட் ,2012
Tamil
Nadu
Konar or Idaiyar or Tamil Yadavar is a Chandravanshi Kshatriya caste from the Indian state of
Tamil Nadu. It is a sub-division of the Yadava community. They are also known
as Ayars. Konars are distributed throughout the state of Tamil Nadu. They are
one of the ancient Tamil castes.
The Yadavas of
Tamilnadu were originally referred as ‘ARYAS’ in Tamil literature but locally
called as ‘Idayans’. Even in the government records the community name was
referred as ‘Idayans. Up to the Census 1921, the community name was noted as
‘Idayan’. The Tamil speaking Yadavas were referred as Idayans and the Telugu
speaking Yadavas were referred as ‘Gollas’ and as Vaduga Aayars. The name of
the community was notified as ‘Yadavas’ in government records as per the
Government of Madras G.O.No.5240 Law (General) dt.13th December 1930. In the G.
O. it was said that the term ‘Yadava’ shall in future be adopted in place of
Golla, Idayan, Gola, Gopi or Goda in all official announcement. Accordingly in
the Census 1931 the name of the community was noted as Yadava instead of
Idayan. This is the last caste wise census enumerated.
Konar in ancient
literature:
Ilango Adigal had
mentioned Konars of Madurai in his Tamil epic Silapathikaram, which is
considered to be one of the five famous epics of Tamil literature. According to
this epic, they gave accommodation for Kannagi. They occupied grasslands known
as Mullai in Ancient Tamil country. Konars traditionally raise cows, goats and
sheeps and sell milk.
Notable Personalities
in Konars:
Historical
personalities:
Ayana Nayanar – One
among 63 Nayanmars
Idaikaddar – One among
18 Siddhar
Ananda kone – Ruler of
Gingee fort
Krishna kone – Ruler
of Krishnagiri fort
Karmegha Konar – Very
popular Tamil poet and educationalist and he is popularly known as Senna
Pulavar,
Leaders, activists and
Freedom fighters
Veeran Azhagu Muthu
Kone – Freedom fighter, known for his revolt against the British
E.M. Gopalakrishna
Kone – The patron of the E.M.G Yadava Women’s College, Maduari
S. Gopalakrishna Yadav
– Freedom Fighter, Correspondent of Yadava Women’s College, Madurai
Cuddalure Ki.
Veeramani – Leader, Diravidar Kazham
S. Sasidaran – Leader,
Yadavar Pathukappu Peravai
Rallis J.Sundarajan
yadav – Leader of Yadav in Tuticorin and vice president of Tamilnadu
Rallis S.Arunachalam
Yadav – Leader of Yadavs in Tuticorin and vice president of Tamilnadu
K.R. Kasiyadav Founder
of www.yadavaalliance.COM
Mr.Thirvengadam
Devanathan- Managing Director of WIN TV and President of Yadava Maha Sabha,
Tamilnadu
Rallis S.Jegan –
President for tuticorin town and leader of marriage hall at tuticorin(under
consturction).
Civil service
Shri M. Radhakrishna
Pillai – Ex. Madras Mayor
Shri C. V.
Thiruvenkatachalam Pillai – Ex. Deputy Mayor
Shri P. Kolandaichamy
– Ex. Madurai Mayor (1998)
Shri S.
Navaneethakumar – Ex. Deputy Mayor
Shri Parameswaran
Pillai – Ex. Vice Chairman
Shri Pichaimuthu – Ex.
Vice Chairman
Smt. Chandra –
District Development Council Chairman (Sivaganga)
Shri A.R. Chandrasamy
– District Coop Central Bank Chairman(1999 – 2001)
C. Gurusamy –
Ex-Chairman – Sankarankovil
A. Supathra – Judge,
Madurai High Court
R. Gopalakrishnan –
Ex-Chairman of Indian Bank
Shri K. Senthamarai
IPS (Retired)- The first Yadava who was conferred IPS and also served as IG of
Tamilnadu Polic, now retired. He is solely responsible for the awakening of
Yadavas of southern distrists. He is a demi god to them. He is now the
President of Yadava Cultural Academy, Madras.
Shri A. Venkataraman
IAS -(Retired)The first Yadava who was conferred IAS. Served as Vice Chancellor
of Tamilnadu Agricultural University. After retirement he had assigned work in
World Bank and now settled at Madras. Presently serving as member of State
Planning Commision and also Member of Southern Districts Economical Development
Commission.
Dr. Shri Rajammal P.
Devadoss – Now serving as Chancellor, Avinashilingam Home Sceince Deemed
University – Coimbtore. Well known throughout the world for her contribution to
Home Science (Since Expired).
Dr. Shri A Ramasamy –
Presently Vice Chancellor, Dr. Alagappa University, Karaikudi.
Shri M.V.
Muthuramalingam IRS – The first Yadava who got selected for the civil services.
Now serving as Member, Central Board of Direct Taxes, New Delhi (since expired)
Shri N. Vasudevan, IAS
– Presently serving as Managing Director – TWAD Board.
Shri K. Nandabalan,
IPS , Chennai (Conferred)
Shri K. Vanniaperumal
IPS (Nagarcoil – Firt Yadava directly recruited for IPS)
Shri .A.M.S.
Gunaseelan, IPS –Chennai (Conferred)
Shri R. Avudayappan,
IPS – Chennai (Conferred)
Shri Dorairaj, IPS –
Chennai (Conferred)
Balasubramaniam, IPS –
Chennai (Conferred)
Ramasamy, IPS –
Chennai (Conferred)
K. Vimalanathan, IRS –
Chennai Customs (Directly Recruited)
Shri C. Chenthil
Pandian, IAS Under Training (Member TNPSC)
Prof. G. Ranganathan
is now serving as Member, TNPSC for the year 1997.
Short History
|
Yadav is a category consisting of several allied castes
which together constitute about 20% of the total population of India, 20%
population of Nepal and about 3% population of the planet earth. Yādav is an
caste found in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Russia, Middle
East and claims descent from ancient king Yadu, the name of one of the
five Aryan clans mentioned in the Rig Veda as Panchjanya, meaning "five
people", is the common name given to five most ancient Vedic Kshatriya
clans. The Yadav caste generally follows Vaishnav traditions, and share
Vaishnav Dharmic religious beliefs. They are the worshippers of Lord Krishna
or Lord Vishnu. Yadav’s are classified under the Kshatriya varna in Hinduism
and remained in power in India and Nepal until 1200-1300AD, before the
arrival of Muslim invaders.
|
YADAVAS
OF DEVAGIRI
Yadavas
of Devagiri (Daulatabad) claimed lineage
from the Yadu clan that gave birth to the epic hero of the Mahabharata,
Vasudeva Krishna . They were also called Seuna Yadavas (a name derived from
their ancestral king Seunachandra).
They started as feudatories of the Rashtrakutas and later the western Chalukyas
, but ended up carving an empire for themselves that stretched from the river
Tungabhadra to the river Narmada, mainly encompassing areas of northern
Karnataka, Maharashtra and parts of Madhya Pradesh . The dynasty had a life of
almost five centuries from 850-1334 AD. Their origin though as they claimed was
from Mathura and Dwarka (Uttar Pradesh), their ancestors probably started from
Karnataka. There were two amongst the yadava families, one , known better as
the Hoysalas of Mysore and the other belonging to the Seuna desa i.e the
country around Devagiri who may have migrated from Karnataka. Yadavas of
Devagiri can be said to be the original Marathi speaking dynasties belonging to
Maharashtra.
The founder of the Seuna dynasty was Dridhaprahara, the son
of Subahu. He ruled from
the Nasik area of Maharashtra. Seunachandra was the son of Dridhaprahara and the
dynasty is named after him.
The Yadavas created their own independent kingdom with Devagiri as their
capital during the time of their great king Bhillama V ( 1185-1193) son of Mallugi . He defeated the Kalachuris or Chedis
( of Chattisgarh) and also the western Chalukyas. He later overran the
territories of his kins the Hoysalas and extended the boundaries of his kingdom
upto Seringapatam on the river Kaveri. He even defeated the Chola king
Kulotunga III. But the Hoysala king Vir Ballala II once again countered his kin
Bhillama and drove the Seuna Yadavas out of the Hoysala territory (c. 1188 AD).
Ballala even managed to capture some Yadava dominions. Notwithstanding his
defeat in Karnataka, Bhillama carried forth his victories in the north
defeating many kings like Vindhyavarman of Malwa and Bhima II of Gujrat. He was
however checked by Chahamanas of Naddula.
Bhillama was succeeded by his son Jaitrapala or Jaitugi (1193-1200 AD). He successfully fought
with the Kakatiyas (Warangal), the Gangas (Mysore) , the Cholas in the south
and the Parmaras (Malwa), Chalukyas in the north.
Jaitrapal (or Jaitugi) had Mukundaraja, the author of ‘Paramamrita’( It is
considered the first systematic attempt to explain the Vedanta principles in
Marathi) and Vikeksindhu (another Vedanta exponent) as his spiritual teachers.
Jaitugi was succeeded by his son Singhana II (1200-1247). He is considered the
greatest conqueror amongst the Yadavas. He won back all the territories from
the Hoysalas which his grandfather had lost and established absolute supremacy
of the Seuna Yadavas in the Deccan. To commemorate his victory over the
Hoysalas , Singhana erected a column of victory on the banks of river Kaveri.
He embarked on many conquests in the north. His campaigns in Gujrat proved very
successful and he was able to conquer Lata. He defeated the kings of Malwa, the
Kalachuris of Chatisgarh/ Jabalpur. Many petty principalities like the
Silaharas of Kolhapur, Kadambas of Goa etc submitted to his might. His kindom
extended down south beyond the river Krishna. Mahimabhatta wrote his famous
work, the ‘Lilacharitra’(said to be the first book in the Marathi language.)
during the time of Singhana II. Singhana even constructed the town of
Singhanapur (Shingnapur) in Maharashtra.
Singhana was succeeded by his grandsons. Firstly , Krishna (1247-1260) and later byMahadeva (1260-1271). Both kept their kingdom
intact . Mahadeva even annexed northern Konkan and some Hoysala territories
beyond river Tungabhadra.
His famous minister, Hemadri pant ( the author of great works like ’
Chaturvarga chintamani ’ a book about the ‘Vratas’ or ritualistic fasts, a book
on traditional medicine ‘Ayurveda Rasayana’and ‘Vaidyakshastra’, a historical
account ‘Hemadri bakhar’ and ‘Mestaka’ an administrative guide . He was also
the inventor of the Modi script of writing the Marathi language .He also
propogated the cultivation of the ‘Bajri’ crop in Maharashtra. Moreover he
constructed many temples and its unique style of architecture was
‘Hemadripanti’ named after him.) credits him with conclusive victories against
the Waghelas of Gujrat, the Parmars of Malwa, and the Kakatiyas of Telangana.
Ramchandra,
the son of Krishna was next in the Yadava line. Hemadripant continued as his
minister and advisor.Ramchandra was the contemporary of the great saint Sant
Dnyaneshwar who wrote the first simplified treatise of ‘Bhagvad Geeta’ (told by
Lord Vasudeva Krishna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra in Mahabharata) in
Marathi and also the poet of several devotional songs, collectively called the
‘abhangas’.
In 1294, the Sultan of Delhi , Alladin Khilji invaded Devagiri. The main army
of the Yadavas was away on a expedition (along with his son Singhana who was
also the senapati), the small army of Ramchandra was defeated and Ramchandra
had to enter into a humiliating treaty with Khilji, whereby he was to pay a
ransom and an annual tribute to the sultan. Ramchandra defaulted in his payment
leading to another attack by Alladin Khilji. His commander Malik Kafur made
Ramchandra a prisoner and took him to Khiljis court. Khilji reinstated
Ramachandra in return for a promise to help Khalji subdue the Hindu kingdoms in
the south. In 1309, Malik Kafur mounted an assault on the Kakatiyas from
Devagiri.
Thus the Yadavas fell from grace. Ramchandras son Singhana
III (a.k.a Shankaradeva) tried to challenge Khilji, but
was killed in battle (1313 AD). Finally the Devagiri kingdom was annexed to
Khilji’s Delhi sultanate. After the death of Khilji (Khilji was murdered by his
general Malik Kafur), the son in law of Singhana III, Harapala,
tried to stage a revolt against the Mohammedans (Sultan Mubarak, son of
Khilji). But he too met a bloody end (he was said to have been skinned alive).
Mubarak appointed a governor Malik Yaklaki to rule Devagiri.Yaklaki too
rebelled and was replaced by one Ain ul Mulk and later Malik Khusru. Soon the
Khiji dynasty was replaced by the Tughlaq dynasty.
Later, a sultan of Delhi, Muhammed Tughlaq renamed Devagiri as Daulatabad which
still stands today 14 km from Aurangabad, in the present day state of
Maharashtra.
YADAVA
DYNASTY:
As
Feudatory of Western Chalukyas of Kalyani
Dridhaprahara
Seunachandra 850-874 C.E.
Dhadiyappa 874-900 C.E.
Bhillama I 900-925 C.E.
Vadugi (Vaddiga) 950-974 C.E.
Dhadiyappa II 974-975 C.E.
Bhillama II 975-1005 C.E., helped Western Chalukya king Tailapa II in battle
against Paramara king Munja.
Vesugi I 1005-1020 C.E.
Bhillama III 1020-1055 C.E., ruled near Sinnar, Nasik. Helped Chalukya
Somesvara against Paramaras
Vesugi II 1055-1068 C.E.
Bhillama III 1068 C.E.
Seunachandra II 1068-1085 C.E., overcame civil war, defeated Bhillama IV to
become king.
Airamadeva 1085-1115 C.E.
Singhana I 1115-1145 C.E.
Mallugi I 1145-1150 C.E., beginning period of internal family feud which lasted
until 1173
Amaragangeyya 1150-1160 C.E.
Govindaraja 1160 C.E.
Amara Mallugi II 1160-1165 C.E.
Kaliya Ballala 1165-1173 C.E.
Independent
kingdom
Bhillama V 1173-1192 C.E.
Jaitugi I 1192-1200 C.E.
Singhana II 1200-1247 C.E.
Kannara 1247-1261 C.E.
Mahadeva 1261-1271 C.E.
Amana 1271 C.E.
Ramachandra 1271-1312 C.E.
Tributary
status under Khilji dynasty
Singhana III 1312-1313 C.E.
Haripaladeva 1313-1318 C.E.
Mallugi III 1318-1334 C.
